The HANS (Head and Neck System) has been mandatory for F1 drivers since 2003 and has just been introduced in the WRC championship. In the event of a violent accident, HANS systems help prevent serious spinal cord damage caused by the cervical spine impact on an unsupported head, resulting from sudden deceleration when the car hits an obstacle.
Violent head movements can break the neck and/or cause irreversible damage to the brain and nerves in the spine.
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